an example that shows the usage of this method ( tested in php version 5.6.30 )
class Rrd{
    public function getData($id , $start , $end)
    {
        $step = 300 ;
        $rrdFile ="/path/to/file/'.$id.rrd";
        try{
            $options = ["--start", $start , "--end", $end ,"-- step",$step,"DEF:out=$rrdFile:name:AVERAGE", "XPORT:out:test"];
            $result = rrd_xport($options);
            $datas = $result['data'][0]['data'];
            foreach($datas as $data => $value){
                if( is_nan($value) === true ) $value = 0 ;
                    $output[] = [$data=>$value] ;
            }
            return json_encode($output);
        }catch (Exception $e){
            dd($e->getMessage());
        }
    }
}